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Multiple Sclerosis and Nystagmus

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be addressed to: Andrew G. Lee, M.D., Dept. of Ophthalmology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242. e-mail: andrew-lee{at}uiowa.edu

Purpose: To describe the main forms of nystagmus in multiple sclerosis (MS) and their potential treatments.

Methods: A literature review on nystagmus and multiple sclerosis was performed using Medline and limited to English language publications from 1996–2004.

Results: Internuclear ophthalmoplegia and acquired pendular nystagmus are the most common forms of nystagmus in MS, but other forms that have localizing value are also seen.

Conclusion: New onset nystagmus in an adult should be considered to be due to MS until proven otherwise. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging with contrast is the procedure of choice for evaluating these patients. Optical, medical, and surgical treatments may improve the nystagmus in selected patients.

Key words: multiple sclerosis, nystagmus, magnetic resonance imaging