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Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be addressed to: Bruce A. Furr, C.O., Dept. of Ophthalmology, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St., Ann Arbor, MI 48105.
Background and Purpose: The aim of this paper is to discuss the efficacy of treatment for amblyopia. Does amblyopia therapy work? Do we ever cure patients of amblyopia or simply see partial or temporary improvement in their vision? Is there a best method of treating amblyopia? Is recidivism too high? How do we treat with recidivism in mind? Can amblyopia treatment be effective in older children and in adults?
Method: A review of the older and contemporary literature on amblyopia management was conducted. Relevant papers concerning appropriately performed studies were collated and analyzed to shed light on these questions.
Results: Vision improvement can occur with patching therapy, atropine and optical penalization, Bangerter foils, occlusive contact lens therapy, and drug therapy. Visual acuity can improve regardless of the type of amblyopia. Vision improvement is seen in younger as well as older patients, past the commonly accepted age of visual maturity. However, the rate of recidivism is high. Multi-center, prospective, and randomized studies are needed to provide practitioners with the most reliable information on the best treatment for amblyopia.
Conclusion: Despite the many questions, which remain unanswered about amblyopia treatment, many of our patients enjoy vastly improved vision at the cessation of treatment. Ultimately, what choice do we have? We must treat when we see amblyopia, employ our best techniques, and hope for adequate treatment compliance to achieve the best result for the most patients.
Key words: amblyopia, compliance, therapy
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