HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Christoff, A. Articles by Christiansen, S. P. Search for Related Content

Spasm of the Near Reflex: Treatment with Miotics Revisited

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be addressed to: Stephen P. Christiansen, M.D., University of Minnesota, Department of Ophthalmology, MMC 493, 420 Delaware St., SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0501. e-mail: chris196{at}umn.edu

Spasm of the near reflex, as first described by Cogan in 1955, is a triad of intermittent convergent strabismus, accommodative spasm, and pupillary miosis. The accommodative spasm induces pseudo-myopia that is usually accompanied by visual blurring. It is a functional disorder that has been attributed to hysteria, although it can have an organic etiology. Definitive treatment remains problematic since the etiology is often elusive.

Key words: esotropia, miotics, accommodative spasm, acquired strabismus